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USA TODAY 2.3M Followers Infamous disaster scenario can rapidly unfold, study finds Story by Doyle Rice, USA TODAY • 15h • 3 min read USA TODAY Doomscrolling alert: The Atlantic current may be headed for collapse A large scale and delicate system of ocean currents that's Current Time 0:02 / Duration 9:38 0 Add another study to the pile of research raising alarms about a looming climate disaster. Scientists have been closely watching the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC) for years. In April, two studies noted the critical current is in danger of weakening or even collapsing due to climate change, which could impact the climate and weather for hundreds of millions of people. The Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation, often referred to as the conveyor belt, relies on a delicate balance of salt and fresh water. The Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation, often referred to as the conveyor belt, relies on a delicate balance of salt and fresh water. © Mike De Angelis / USA TODAY If you missed those studies, you might still know the current from the movie "The Day After Tomorrow," which took quite a few liberties in its depiction of what would happen if the current suddenly collapsed due to climate change. Start the day smarter. Get all the news you need in your inbox each morning. Donate To MS Canada - MS Canada - Support Breakthrough Research Donate To MS Canada - MS Canada - Support Breakthrough Research MS Canada MS Canada · Sponsored call to action icon Now, a new study released April 29 says the AMOC has changed rapidly in the past, due to "violent volcanic eruptions" that eventually cooled the entire planet. The current threat to the AMOC isn't volcanoes, but excess carbon dioxide in the atmosphere from human-caused climate change. According to the lead author of the new study, Lucien Nana Yobo of Texas A&M, his research "shows how sensitive the AMOC is to climate disturbances." ©PATRICK MEINHARDT, AFP via Getty Images An aerial view of structures on Nyangai Island, on April 30, 2025. More than two million people living along Sierra Leone's coasts are threatened by rising sea levels, according to a study conducted in June 2024 by the Sierra Leone National Disaster Management Agency (NDMA) and the Internal Displacement Monitoring Centre (IDMC), a leading international organization monitoring internal displacement. This West African country is one of the most threatened in the world by global warming, and its coastal region "is very vulnerable to the increasingly frequent and severe ph... See more What is the AMOC? "The Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation really is one of our planet’s key circulation systems," said Niklas Boers from the Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research in Germany, the author of a previous study on the topic. The AMOC is a crucial conveyor belt for ocean water and air, which influences weather. Warm, salty water moves north from the tropics along the Gulf Stream off the U.S. East Coast to the North Atlantic, where it cools, sinks and heads south. Brayden Schenn 2020 St. Louis Blues Card Brayden Schenn 2020 St. Louis Blues Card eBay CA · Sponsored call to action icon The faster it moves, the more water is turned over from warm surface to cool depths. The cycle keeps northern Europe several degrees warmer than it would otherwise be and brings colder water to the coast of North America. What happened back then? Roughly 12,900 to 11,700 years ago, Earth rapidly cooled due to violent volcanic eruptions that disturbed the AMOC, a new study in the peer-reviewed journal Science Advances says. Originally, scientists thought an extraterrestrial impact such as an asteroid or comet strike triggered the AMOC disruption, which scientists call the "Younger Dryas" period. Now, research strengthens an alternative theory that attributes the cooling to a violent cluster of volcanic eruptions. The cooling was sparked by atmospheric changes from the volcanoes, which disturbed the AMOC – a massive oceanic circulation "conveyor belt" that transports heat globally and is in danger of weakening or collapsing, this time due to human-caused climate change. It’s exactly what it sounds like — fast, brutally honest feedback on your product. no BS. no... It’s exactly what it sounds like — fast, brutally honest feedback on your product. no BS. no... Brady UX · Sponsored call to action icon Nana Yobo and his colleagues' examination of North American sedimentary records show that volcanic activity triggered this AMOC-linked colder period. "Temperatures dropped by several degrees in the Northern Hemisphere, likely altering ecosystems and forcing early humans to adapt to colder, shifting environments," Nana Yobo said. Nana Yobo said the Younger Dryas was a much more abrupt shift than what is currently happening, but it shows how sensitive the AMOC is to climate disturbances. How did volcanoes change the AMOC? According to Nana Yobo, volcanic eruptions cooled the Earth's surface by blocking sunlight, which disrupted temperature and salinity in the North Atlantic Ocean — key drivers of the AMOC — leading to a slowdown. Also, the evidence points to a weakening of the AMOC, but not a complete collapse. Leadgen logo USA TODAY Get unlimited digital access to USA TODAY and premium Sports+ stories One month free Get it now Is this the first study proposing volcanoes affected the AMOC? "No, but this is one of the first to show a link in cluster of eruptions in ice cores and sediment records across North America at the timing of the Younger Dryas using geochemical evidence," Nana Yobo said in an email to USA TODAY. This article originally appeared on USA TODAY: Infamous disaster scenario can rapidly unfold, study finds Sponsored USA TODAY Visit USA TODAY Puerto Rico lottery results: See winning numbers for Pega 2, Pega 3 on April 30, 2026 Got a bookworm at home? Pizza Hut's giving out freebies Shop runway-ready Zenni frames for 'The Devil Wears Prada 2' premiere Sponsored