.. copy and pasted from the following URL .. aka "The Guardian".. .. an Obituary of the great Mary Benson .. https://www.theguardian.com/news/2000/jun/22/guardianobituaries.nelsonmandela

Asia Australia Middle East Africa Inequality Global development Nelson Mandela This article is more than 25 years old Obituary Mary Benson This article is more than 25 years old Anti-apartheid activist and good friend of Nelson Mandela Freda Troup and Ross Devenish Thu 22 Jun 2000 02.05 BST Share Prefer the Guardian on Google Mary Benson, who has died aged 80, will best be remembered for her long, devoted work for the independence of African states, and, particularly, against apartheid in her native South Africa. She was to become friend, confidante and biographer of Nelson Mandela - but this was a complete change of direction from the ambitions of her early life. She grew up in a comfortable, happy home in Pretoria, younger daughter of Cyril Benson, Irish administrator of the Pretoria General Hospital, and his wife, Lucy Stubbs, descended from 1820 settlers in the Eastern Cape, and with all the colour prejudices of the English-speaking white South African of the time. Mary was a romantic, stage-struck child of passionate determination who, at about 18, succeeded in leaving provincial Pretoria in search of a stage or film career. In London and California, as an ardent fan, she encountered many of the stars, but before she found any personal success the approach of war drove her home. Briefly she was a secretary in the British High Commission. Then, still seeking wider shores, she joined the SA Women's Auxiliary Army Service. In 1942, Benson was in Egypt. Attractive, intelligent, capable and hard-working, she soon was promoted to captain and served as PA to a series of distinguished commanders. There were two unhappy love affairs. She also served in Algeria and Italy, where she lured a production of The Barretts Of Wimpole Street, with old acquaintances Brian Aherne and Katherine Cornell, from Naples to play to the troops in Siena. Then there was work with United Nations Relief and Rehabilitation Administration (UNRRA) in Athens and Vienna. After the war, Benson returned to her interest in films and became secretary to David Lean, whose Brief Encounter was showing in London. Benson had a great capacity for making - and keeping - friends, and there were many of them in Britain, America and Africa. She seized an opportunity to return to America and tried to improve her prospects of writing for the screen. But then she read Alan Paton's Cry The Beloved Country (1948) and, extremely moved by it, wrote to him, beginning a life-long friendship. The book awakened her sense of "African-ness" and set her thinking of the life of her black fellow South Africans, realising that while working to alleviate the suffering and dreadful deprivations in postwar Europe, she had never considered the parallel conditions endured by millions of South African blacks. She began to feel that it was there that she should be working. With this in mind, she left the US. In London, however, she attended a meeting addressed by the Reverend Michael Scott, an Anglican priest of whose work in South Africa and the UN she vaguely remembered hearing. She was immediately in thrall. Asking if she could be of use, she was installed in a dark little room with piles of assorted papers which she quickly reduced to order. So began a seven-year partnership, and return to South Africa was delayed. Scott at this time was much involved in lobbying the UN on behalf of certain South West African tribes, particularly the Herero and the Nama, who were bitterly opposed to the projected incorporation of their lands into South Africa. Benson, now working for and with African people, found her racial prejudices fade. She became Scott's right hand, writing, speaking, lobbying, her wartime organising experience, writing ability and "way" with people being invaluable. Scott's health was very fragile and Mary had often to deputise. Together, and with such figures as Lord Hemingford and David Astor of the Observer, they launched the Africa Bureau in 1952. Its purpose was to inform the British public on African affairs, to enable African leaders to discuss their problems with colonial authorities and to build up support for independence movements. Benson was involved in opposing British colonial policy in forming the Central African Federation and in lobbying for reforms in the High Commission Territories (Botswana, Lesotho and Swaziland). In 1951, when the exiled Tshekedi Khama of the then Bechuanaland (Botswana) came to Britain to negotiate for his return home, she acted as his secretary, the first African she had ever worked for. She came to know him and his family very well. And, some years later, after his untimely death, she undertook his biography, thus beginning her writing career. Benson returned to South Africa in 1956, ending her partnership and deep personal relationship with Scott and the Africa Bureau. The Treason Trial of 156 South Africans of all races had begun, and she was asked to take over the office of the Treason Trial Defence Fund. This enabled her to meet many of the opponents of apartheid and gain a first-hand insight into the conditions under which the majority of the people lived. But deteriorating health forced her resignation, and she went into her father's old hospital in Pretoria, where her illness was diagnosed as rheumatoid arthritis. Cortisone was prescribed, and though it provided no cure, it effectively held the disease at bay and enabled her to continue her punishing career with enormous and determined courage for many years. Meeting so many of the people's leaders gathered in Johannesburg for the trial encouraged her to embark on the hitherto unrecorded history of the African National Congress. She travelled round the country, interviewed many of the older members (Mweli Skota and Canon Calata among them), founders or early officers, and gathered their life stories. When Chief Luthuli was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize, she went to Natal to act as his secretary. She had secret interviews with Nelson Mandela, then known as the "Black Pimpernel", while he was underground in 1961. In 1964, she had many clandestine meetings with Bram Fischer, the distinguished Afrikaner advocate and one-time leader of the South African Communist party, whom she warmly admired. He had also gone underground to continue his anti-apartheid political work, and through him Mary began to learn about the Afrikaans. All this time she was also attending political trials in remote parts of the country and reporting them overseas. In 1963, she was in the US, invited by the United Nations to testify (the first South African to do so) to the Committee on Apartheid, thus inviting the wrath of the South African government. She travelled in the south of the country, meeting many of the black anti-segregation leaders. The next year, after the Rivonia arrests in South Africa, she was back at the UN to testify, particularly about the men on trial, many of whom she knew. In South Africa, Benson had become deeply interested in the work of the playwright Athol Fugard, who was working for a non-racial theatre, and for breaking the cultural barriers of apartheid. Once again, her latent theatrical interests were aroused and she co-operated with Fugard in the production of his work in Britain and America as well as in South Africa. But this freedom in her own country could not last: in 1966, the authorities imposed a banning order. Unable to move about the country, to meet people, to write or speak in public, she realised she had to leave. She returned there once more, heavily restricted, to be with her father while he was dying. In London, where she settled, she devoted herself to writing. In addition to her two invaluable volumes on the history of the ANC (unique because she was able to interview many now dead), she published a novel At The Still Point (1969) and an autobiography, A Far Cry (1989); for radio she wrote a play and several documentaries, and she frequently broadcast on political developments in South Africa. The stage-struck schoolgirl eventually was able (in a very unforeseen form) to return to her early love - of drama - and combine it with the later love - of her people, white and black. She is survived by a sister. Ross Devenish writes: I first became aware of the name Mary Benson when as a boy I read a front-page story in my father's newspaper. I deciphered this story about a woman who had addressed the United Nations about somewhere called South West Africa. I asked my father who the woman was. When I finally got to meet Mary Benson, through Athol Fugard, another surprise was in store for me. She was not just interested in developments in Africa, but her concerns and friendships ranged far and wide. Not just writers, but actors, directors, scientists, astronomers, politicians and journalists. She was a renaissance woman. Then there was, of course, her fervent loyalty and commitment, particularly to the cause of South Africa and Nelson Mandela. In the years when newspapers and television did not like to be reminded of the man imprisoned on Robben Island, Mary never let them forget. Each year, on the anniversary of his imprisonment, she would phone them all again, shaming and cajoling them into doing something. She never gave up phoning, writing, scripting, lobbying, and giving away whatever money she had in pursuit of her causes. The other thing that always struck me about her was that she never became doctrinaire, and she never lost sight of people, the great and the small. I am proud to have counted Mary as my friend for nearly 30 years. Following the end of apartheid, she returned to South Africa as often as she could, picking up on her old friendships. But it was in London, only a few months ago, that she last saw Mandela, when he and Graca Machel arrived at her flat in St John's Wood. Bearing an enormous bunch of white lilies, Mandela was returning to the same place that he had visited Mary, in 1962, while on the run from South Africa. Dorothy Mary Benson, writer and political activist, born December 9 1919; died June 19 2000

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.. copy and pasted from "Copilot Search" .. Revolutionary scriptwriter, film director and actress Embeth Davidtz should play a phantom angel presence in the streets of Gotham who is the anonymous Jill the Ripper.. But this article says that if Jill the Ripper existed she may have been a midwife or abortionist.. and this is a very scary role.. I mean.. I don't even personally have a mental comprehension of how scary this role is. An abortionist?.. Or a midwife as Jill the Ripper?.. How could Embeth Davidtz possibly confront this role for Tim Burton's Gotham films.. I need to do exhaustive research into all the scholarship of Jill the Ripper theories.. and.. and..

Like Dislike Jill the Ripper is a theory suggesting that Jack the Ripper may have been a woman, possibly a midwife or abortionist, who committed the Whitechapel murders in 1888. Origins of the Theory The idea of Jill the Ripper emerged after the murder of Mary Jane Kelly, the last of the canonical five victims. Detective Abberline reportedly considered the possibility that the killer could be female after witness Caroline Maxwell claimed to have seen Kelly alive hours after her estimated time of death, wearing a distinctive maroon shawl and other clothing. This led to speculation that a woman could have been impersonating Kelly or moving freely without arousing suspicion in Whitechapel at night casebook.org casebook.org +2 . Rationale Behind the Theory Proponents argue that a female killer, particularly a midwife, would have several advantages: Anatomical knowledge: Midwives would have the medical skills to perform precise mutilations attributed to the Ripper casebook.org casebook.org +1 . Access to victims: A midwife or clandestine abortionist could enter homes without raising suspicion, especially if victims were pregnant whitechapeljack.com whitechapeljack.com . Alibi and mobility: Midwives often worked irregular hours, allowing them to move about at night without attracting attention casebook.org casebook.org +1 . Bloodstains explained: Blood on clothing could be dismissed as part of their professional duties casebook.org casebook.org +1 . Notable Suspects Mary Pearcey, executed in 1890 for murdering her lover’s wife and child, is often cited as a potential Jill the Ripper due to similarities in her crimes and her violent tendencies. However, there is no evidence she was a midwife, and autopsies of the canonical Ripper victims do not confirm pregnancy, which weakens the midwife hypothesis whitechapeljack.com whitechapeljack.com +1 . Criticisms and Limitations Critics note that most Ripper victims were strangled before mutilation, which would not necessarily require anatomical expertise. Additionally, the theory relies heavily on circumstantial evidence, such as witness accounts and clothing descriptions, and lacks definitive proof. DNA evidence from letters and crime scene items has been inconclusive, though some analyses have suggested the possibility of a female perpetrator LADbible LADbible +1 . Conclusion While the Jill the Ripper theory offers an intriguing alternative to the traditional male suspect narrative, it remains speculative. It highlights the possibility that a woman, potentially a midwife or abortionist, could have committed the Whitechapel murders, but no conclusive evidence has ever confirmed this theory casebook.org casebook.org +2 .

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