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12,900,000,000 Light Years Away, Can Fit 4 Billion Suns: Supermassive Black Hole Discovered
Story by Parishmita Saikia • 5mo •
2 min read
Scientists used the ALMA telescope in Chile for this study, allowing them to observe gas close to the black hole for the first time. (News18)
Scientists used the ALMA telescope in Chile for this study, allowing them to observe gas close to the black hole for the first time. (News18)
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Science News: Scientists have uncovered what is considered the most enigmatic black hole in the universe. Situated 12.9 billion light years away, the light from this black hole originated when the universe was just 800 million years old.
Researchers have detected radio signals from the hot gas surrounding this black hole. This finding is significant as it can aid in understanding concealed black holes. The study, published in Nature Astronomy, is the most detailed to date, observing molecular gas near a black hole from the early universe.
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Researcher Takafumi Tsukui from the Australian National University stated, “This discovery will help us understand how black holes evolve into supermassive black holes from small seeds in the early universe.”
The Ancient Monster
This black hole was concealed in a gas referred to as J231038.88+185519.7 (J2310). It had previously been identified by scientists as a quasar. Quasars are luminous objects powered by supermassive black holes. However, despite their brightness, they are not easy to observe.
For this study, scientists utilised the Atacama Large Millimeter Array (ALMA) telescope in Chile. For the first time, this allowed scientists to view the gas very close to the black hole.
According to the study, this supermassive black hole could be 2 to 4 billion times heavier than our Sun. Tsukui explained, “Strong X-ray radiation emanates from the matter surrounding the black hole, producing immense heat. Additionally, the gas becomes so hot due to strong winds and shock waves that it is more energetic than the energy observed in normal galaxies.”
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New Method to Discover Hidden Black Holes
Scientists believe that many supermassive black holes remain hidden in dust and gas and have yet to be identified. However, radio signals from ALMA could address this issue. Tsukui noted, “The radio waves observed by ALMA are not easily absorbed by dust, making our technique a powerful way to identify ‘hidden’ supermassive black holes.”
A notable aspect of this research was targeting radio emission in the high energy state of carbon monoxide. This method proved effective in revealing the state of the hot gas close to the black hole. Researchers believe that by studying signals related to carbon monoxide, we can create a comprehensive picture of supermassive black holes from the early universe.
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