.. The Clock King aka Doctor McPherson of Belleville, Ontario: ..".. hanno.. I prescribed the olanzapine to HELP you.. I'm passionate about HELPING you.. hanno.. I also prescribed the seroquel to help you and you told me that the seroquel was having a horrific effect on you.. on your mind.. hanno.. hanno.. so the olanzapine is just horrific and bloodcurdlingly horror terror satanic for you.. hanno.. combined with terrror horror clonazepam and.. also with escitalopram.. hanno.. I SWEAR.. these psychotropic medications are supposed to HELP you.. I want to HELP you.. hanno.. to HELP you.. the SENSATIONS I have that these medications are making you so much WORSE.. the SENSATIONS I have about that.. hanno.." .. copy and pasted from the following URL .. article written by Neil Long .. article dated to November the third, two thousand twenty .. .. .. .. https://litfl.com/olanzapine-toxicity/

Olanzapine toxicity Neil LongNov 3, 2020 Home Toxicology Library Toxicants Olanzapine is a second generation atypical antipsychotic. Widely used in Australasia and therefore a fairly common presentation to the emergency department. Olanzapine like queitiapine has a predictable dose-dependent CNS depression. Toxic Mechanism: Olanzapine antagonises the mesolimbic dopamine (D2), serotonin, histamine the muscarninic M1 and peripheral alpha 1 receptors. This causes an anticholinergic effect (muscarinic receptors) in overdose and drowsiness (histamine receptor blockade). Toxicokinetics: Rapidly absorbed, oral or sublingual Large volume of distribution 10-20 L/kg Large first pass effect Hepatic metabolism to inactive water-soluble metabolites Resuscitation: Reduced GCS: Prompt intubation and ventilation Hypotension: Give 10 – 20 ml/kg of IV crystalloid, if response is not adequate start noradrenaline (adrenaline is contraindicated due to paradoxical hypotension from beta 2 mediated vasodilatation). Noradrenaline dose: 0.15mg/kg in 50ml D5W at 1-10ml/hr (0.05 – 0.5 mcg/kg/min) Seizures (rare)/agitation: IV benzodiazepines incrementally dosed every 5 minutes to effect. Check the patient is not in a dysrhythmia Can be managed with benzodiazepines (varying doses in the textbooks, easy method is 0.1mg/kg IV for lorazepam (max 4mg) / midazolam (max 10mg) / diazepam (max 10mg). Or… Lorazepam 0.1mg/kg max 4mg Diazepam 0.15mg/kg max 10mg Midazolam 0.2mg/kg max 10mg Risk Assessment Dose-related risk assessment: Children: the toxic dose is unclear but symptoms are likely to develop when >0.5 mg/kg have been ingested. Delayed extrapyramidal effects can occur in children days later. Clinical features should manifest within 2 – 4 hours and may last 48 hours (coma usually lasts 24 – 48 hours) Sedation, ataxia, miosis (unlike the mydriasis commonly seen with anticholinergics), fluctuating mental status. Reduced GCS, miosis and tachycardia is almost pathognomonic of olanzapine overdose in the western world. Tachycardia and orthostatic Hypotension Mild to moderate anticholinergic syndrome Supportive Care Controlling the delirium can be difficult, things to consider include Titrated doses of benzodiazepines e.g. diazepam 2.5 – 5 mg every 5 minutes IV until gentle sedation is achieved (doses used may necessitate intubation). Controversially physostigmine has been used which has been reportedly reversed agitation and olanzapine comas but has its own side effect profile. Physical restraint Bladder scan and a catheter for urinary retention (no amount of benzodiazepines will fix this agitation) Investigations Screening: 12 lead ECG, BSL, Paracetamol level Specific: ECG monitoring, do an ECG at presentation and 6 hours, if this is normal then cardiac monitoring may stop. If intubated then the patient will need ECG every 4 hours until clinical symptoms or cardiac abnormalities resolve. Non specific ST – T wave changes occur in 15%, minor QT prolongation but no Torsades de pointes reported QT Nomogram QT nomogram risk stratification for torsades de pointes Decontamination: Rarely used as the onset of coma and resolution is rapid and good supportive care ensures a good outcome. Enhanced Elimination Not clinical useful Antidote None available Disposition Children who have ingested >0.5 mg/kg should be observed in hospital for 4 hours, if asymptomatic they can be discharged but warned they may develop extrapyramidal movements up to 3 days later. Patients should be observed for 4 hours, if asymptomatic with a normal baseline ECG, no hypotension and eating and drinking they can be medically cleared Patients with any clinical features should be observed or treated as required until symptoms have resolved. Depending on severity patients may stay in an overnight observation ward or may need ICU. References and Additional Resources: Additional Resources: ECG Library – Drugs that cause QT prolongation Tox conundrum 046 – A fumbling, Mumbling Mess Neurological Mind-boggler 002 – Coma and small pupils Tox Flashcard – Anticholinergic Toxidrome Anticholinergic song References: Burns MJ. The pharmacology and toxicology of atypical antipsychotic agents. Journal of Toxicology-Clinical Toxicology 2001;39(1):1-14. Palenzona S et al. Clinical picture of olanzapine poisoning with special reference to fluctuating mental status. Journal of Toxicology-Clinical Toxicology 2004;42(1):27-32. toxicology library antidote 700 1 Toxicology Library DRUGS and TOXICANTS Tox Library Neil Long Dr Neil Long BMBS FACEM FRCEM FRCPC. Emergency Physician at Kelowna hospital, British Columbia. Loves the misery of alpine climbing and working in austere environments (namely tertiary trauma centres). Supporter of FOAMed, lifelong education and trying to find that elusive peak performance.